[Seroprevalence of HTLV1,2 virus among injection drug addicts in Isfahan, 2007-2008]

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus [HTLV], is a member of the retroviridae family. Infection with this virus leads to adult T-cell leukemia [ATL] and tropical spastic paraparesis [TSP]. HTLV is endemic in Japan, parts of central Africa, Caribbean basin and Iran [Mashhad]. Transmission routes of HTLV are believed to be from mother to child, especially during breastfeeding, sexual contact, and through blood transfusion or needle sharing. Considering the risk of HTLV infection among injection drug addicts, the authors evaluated the seroprevalence of HTLV1,2 infection among injection drug addicts in Isfahan. This cross sectional study included a total of 150 injection drug users who were recruited at the drug abuse treatment clinic and the infectious diseases department of Alzahra university Hospital. Participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Epidemiologic data were recorded and their blood samples were tested for HBs Ag and antibodies against HTLV1,2, human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] and hepatitis C [HCV] by Elisa method. Results were analyzed by SPSS software version 13. Seroprevalence of HTLV1,2, HBV [HBs Ag], HCV and HIV was 2.7%, 1.3% 23.3% and 2.7%, respectively. Some of the subjects were co infected with two viruses. One patient was infected with both HCV and HIV. Among those with HTLV1,2, only one was HCV Ab positive. Only in one person with HTLV1,2, Ab had a positive history of blood transfusion. This study shows that this virus is present in injection drug users community of Isfahan and can be a potential source for transmission. But proposal of screening of HTLV1,2 among injection drug users in Isfahan requires further investigations

Pertussis seroimmunity among mother-infant pairs and infant immune response to pertussis vaccination.

This study was designed to evaluate seroprevalence rates of antibodies to pertussis in mothers and their infants, and the immunogenicity of pertussis vaccine in the presence or absence of pertussis antibodies in infants. Blood samples were collected from 110 mother-infants pairs before the first dose of pertussis vaccination and from 69 infants 4-8 weeks after administration of the third dose of DTwP vaccine. Pertussis antibodies were >25 U/mL in 88(78.9%) mothers and 50(45.3%) infants with a mean titer of 67(SD 48.1) and 33.5 (34.7) U/mL, respectively. After administration of three doses of DTwP vaccine, 53(76.8%) infants were seroconverted (MCA titer 87.4 (51.3)U/mL. Immunologic response to vaccination was similar between the two groups of infants; 30/37 (81.1%) of seronegative infants and 23/32 (71.9%) of seropositive infants at pre-vaccination, showed seroconversion after the vaccination (P = 0.36). The results of this study demonstrated that most of the studied mothers were serologically immune to pertussis, and this immunity was transferred to their infants. Pre-vaccination antibody did not affect infants immune response to vaccination.